Abstract
Several factors inducing physiological stress in plants were investigated for their effects on foliar ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Plants grown on ammonium nutrition (0.015M NH4+) in solution culture had elevated rates of ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution relative to plants grown on nitrate nutrition at the same molar concentration. Inhibitors of ethylene action (0.001 mM Ag+) or synthesis (0.01 mM amino-oxyacetic acid) restricted ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution relative to rates by untreated controls receiving ammonium nutrition. The inhibitors lessened the expression of ammonium toxicity. Stress from salinity, drought, or flooding in soil increased ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution. Plants infected with root-knot nematode had variable rates of ethylene evolution in response to variations in ammonium accumulation. Ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution appear to be factors in the expression of physiological stress.
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