Relation between the stability of dental implants and two biological markers during the healing period: a prospective clinical study.

Pathawee Khongkhunthian,Peraphan Pothacharoen,Choknapa Tirachaimongkol,Peter A. Reichart

doi:10.1186/s40729-016-0058-y

Abstract

ObjectivesThe purposes of this study were to examine the correlation between the stability of dental implants and bone formation markers during the healing period and to monitor the stability of dental implants using the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) method. The null hypothesis of the study is no correlation between the stability of dental implant and bone formation markers.MethodsThe study is a prospective clinical study during the 3-month healing period of implant. At implant placement (PW Plus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand) and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks, RFA assessments were performed and gingival (GCF)/peri-implant crevicular fluids (PICF) were collected from ten patients. The level of osteocalcin (OC) was measured by using ELISA kits, and the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by colorimetric analysis. Repeated measures analysis of variance, the Friedman test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Pearson correlation were performed for data analysis.ResultsThere was a statistical decrease in the mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) values between 1 and 3 weeks (P < 0.05). The ISQ values recovered to the initial values at 4 weeks. There was no statistical difference in the ALP level at each measurement, while there was a statistical increase in the OC level at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks when compared with 1 week (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between ALP levels and ISQ values (r = 0.226, P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between OC levels and ISQ values at 1–12 weeks (r = 0.245, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe ISQ values were weakly correlated with both ALP and OC. The three-thread-design implant showed a high stability through healing period.

Highlights

Dental implants have shown a high success rate for rehabilitation of edentulous patients if certain conditions are met during treatment
The implant stability quotient (ISQ) values recovered to the initial ISQ values at 4 weeks and slight increased at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks (Fig. 2)
There was a significant increase in the mean ISQ values at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks when compared with 3 weeks

Summary

Introduction

Dental implants have shown a high success rate for rehabilitation of edentulous patients if certain conditions are met during treatment. The primary stability comes from the mechanical anchorage between the bone tissue and the pitch region of the implant immediately after implantation. The secondary stability comes from the formation of new vital bone, which replaces the gap between the local bone and the implant surface and replaces the necrotic bone. The external morphology of the dental implant is a factor which leads to the mechanical engagement of the implant with the bone. Three-thread-design dental implants consist of three different thread designs. The first design is the micro-thread, or supra-fine thread, which is on the coronal third of the implant fixture and is attached

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