Relation between serum vitamin D and dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

Abstract

Objective To explore the occurrence of levodopa induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the relation between serum vitamin D and LID in PD. Methods Totally, 144 patients with PD, admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to November 2016, were performed cross-sectional study; the patient's age, gender, onset age, major clinical subtypes, duration of disease, dose of levodopa, course of treatment, and serum vitamin D level were recorded. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr grading were performed. Presence of LID was assessed by UPDRS section IV, and the differences of clinical data between patients with/without LID were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence factors of LID. Results There were statistically significant differences in onset age, duration of disease, duration of levodopa treatment, dose of total daily levodopa, daily equivalent dose of levodopa, scores of UPDRS part III, Hoehn-Yahr grading and serum vitamin D level between the LID and non-LID groups (P<0.05). PD patients with tremor-dominant phenotype had significantly lower rate of LID as compared with those other phenotype (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that duration of levodopa treatment and daily equivalent dose of levodopa were the independent risk factors of LID, and serum vitamin D level and tremor-dominant phenotype were the independent protection factors of LID. Conclusion The occurrence of resting tremor as an initial manifestation of PD may predict a low probability of LID, and serum level of vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing LID. Key words: Parkinson's disease; Dyskinesia; Serum vitamin D