Abstract
In areas of Nipigon Bay unaffected by pulp and paper mill effluent, the benthic macroinvertebrate community was characterized by low standing stocks and high diversity. The coefficient of community and percentage similarity of community defined two major environments in Nipigon Bay, generally related to distance from the mill outfall. Near the pulp and paper mill outfall, further zonation of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was apparent. Inhibition and ultimate extinction of oligochaete populations appeared related to increasing levels of organic carbon and total sulphur, both associated with proximity to the outfall. Since a 10-yr period following abatement measures has not resulted in major responses by the macroinvertebrate community, recovery is expected to be slow.
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