Abstract
<p>W artykule omówiono badania dotyczące relacji, jaka zachodzi między powidokiem wywołanym bodźcem o określonej treści a emocjami. Uzyskane wyniki mają rzucić światło na funkcję zjawiska powidoku w procesie percepcji, jak również pozwolić odpowiedzieć na pytanie, na ile powidok jest nośnikiem (przejawem, odzwierciedleniem) emocjonalnego znaczenia percypowanego bodźca. Zbadano zależność między czasem trwania powidoku sylwetki kobiety w odniesieniu do czasu trwania powidoku sylwetki mężczyzny a poziomem problemów emocjonalnych z matką. W badaniu uczestniczyło 68 studentów obu płci. Wyniki pokazały, że wysoki poziom problemów emocjonalnych z matką wydłuża czas trwania powidoku sylwetki kobiety w relacji do czasu trwania powidoku mężczyzny na poziomie istotnym statystycznie. Uzyskane rezultaty pozwalają wnioskować, że czas trwania powidoku jest związany z problemami emocjonalnymi osoby badanej.</p>
Highlights
The system of perception operates in the regime of a dynamic balance between an internal and external world
The aim of this paper is to answer the question whether the meaning of the stimulus and emotions associated with it are related to the duration of an afterimage
A high level of emotional problems elongates the duration of woman figure’s afterimage in relation to the duration of the man figure’s afterimage which is consistent with elongated reaction time for controversial stimuli in the Implicit Associations Test by Norbert Maliszewski (2011) that is described in literature as well as with delayed answers to words in the psychoanalytic association list
Summary
The system of perception operates in the regime of a dynamic balance between an internal and external world. In the case of disturbing this balance, for example, by going beyond certain values of perceptual parameters – this is in case of very strong or very weak stimulus (deprivation, subliminal stimulus) – perception phenomena called “afterimages”, “aftereffects”, “pseudo-hallucinations” or “latent cognition” arise. Those phenomena can be understood as manifestation or disclosure of a cognitive and behavioral subliminal activity described by: Hermann von Helmholtz (1985) as control programme of perception, Karl Pribram (1971) – as feedforward stimulation, Stephen Kosslyn (1996) – as a sensory buffer, Iosif Bzhalava (1971) – as setting, R. The term “meaning” is understood here in an empirical and emotive manner and is reflected in one’s behavior, i.e. the manifestation of meaning is an expression of affection or antipathy towards a certain object
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