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Abstract
The objective of this study is to provide complete information on the dynamic relationship between X-band (3.11 cm) backscattering intensity (σ°) and rice crop’s leaf area index (LAI) at all growth phases. Though the relationship between X-band σ° and LAI has been previously explored, details on the relationship at the reproductive phase remain unstudied. LAI at the reproductive phase is important particularly at the heading stage where LAI reaches its maximum as it is closely related to grain yield, and at flowering stage where the total leaf area affects the amount of photosynthates. Therefore, this study examined the relationship of increasing LAI (vegetative to reproductive phase) and decreasing LAI (ripening phase) with TerraSAR-X (TSX) ScanSAR (3.11 cm) σ° at HH polarisation and 45° incidence angle. The results showed a statistically significant (R2 = 0.51, p value < 0.001) non-linear relationship of LAI with σ° at the vegetative to reproductive phase while no significant linear relationship was found at the ripening phase. This study completes the response curve of X-band σ° to LAI by filling in the information on the reproductive phase which more accurately characterises the dynamic relationship between the rice crop’s LAI and X-band’s σ°. This contributes to improved knowledge on the use of X-band data for estimating LAI for the whole crop cycle which is essential for the modelling of crop growth and estimation of yield.
Highlights
Leaf area index (LAI) is derived from the measurements of how fast radiation is attenuated as it passes through the canopy [1] and this accounts for the leaf surface that intercepts incoming radiation [2,3]
This study provided information on the relationship between X-band σ◦ (HH polarisation and 45◦ incidence angle) and LAI at all rice crop growth phases
The relationship of X-band VV polarisation information with LAI at all growth phases should be considered. This would provide further information about the relationship between LAI and X-band σ◦ information at different polarisations, and determine how the response curve would differ from X-band HH polarisation information during increasing LAI and decreasing LAI
Summary
Leaf area index (LAI) is derived from the measurements of how fast radiation is attenuated as it passes through the canopy [1] and this accounts for the leaf surface that intercepts incoming radiation [2,3]. Remote sensing can be used to estimate LAI, plant height and phenology, and provides spatial and temporal information on other crop growth parameters [11,12] which can reduce spatial variation and uncertainty [9] resulting in more accurate yield estimates across large areas [8]. This makes the study of the relationship between remote sensing information and LAI a focus for many remote sensing studies [5,13]
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