Abstract
A closed-form expression for the open-circuit voltage of organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells is derived as a function of the donor/acceptor morphology based on a spatially smoothed modelling framework. It is found that the open-circuit voltage of organic solar cells is in leading order determined by a single morphological feature: the ratio between the donor volume fraction and the specific interfacial area. Other morphological characteristics of the donor/acceptor blend, such as the connectivity of percolation pathways, do not have significant impact on the open-circuit voltage. Our findings are verified with detailed charge carrier transport simulations utilizing randomly generated donor/acceptor morphologies.
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