Abstract
The aim of this study was to differentiate between types of bipolar disorders and the associated features using explorative analysis. The focus was particularly on the role of bipolar1 and bipolar2 disorders as well as the influence of prophylactic interventions for relapse in arandomized, controlled treatment study. Atotal of 274 of the 305 originally included persons could be investigated in the study. Patients participated in either cognitive behavioral group therapy (SEKT) or supportive, patient-centered group therapy (FEST). Treatment took place over 4 days separated by a1-month interval (equivalent to 16double hours). Depressive and manic symptoms were assessed using the longitudinal interval follow-up evaluation (LIFE). The symptoms were retrospectively assessed for the previous 6months, with respect to each week before and after the intervention phase and for 6‑month and 12-month follow-ups. The results show that the effects of both group therapies were comparable; however, there were statistically significant differences in amultivariate proportional hazards model for the factors bipolar1 and 2 as well as the interaction of therapy with bipolar1 and 2. In particular, bipolar2 patients benefited significantly less from the SEKT intervention than from the FEST intervention. There were three clusters identified that separated bipolar1 (SEKT, no comorbidity, predominantly no recurrences, younger patients), from bipolar2 (FEST, no comorbidity, at least 1 often 2recurrences, older patients) and from aheterogeneous group (SEKT and FEST, comorbidity). The distinction between bipolar1 and bipolar2 disorder is important and has so far not received sufficient attention. Bipolar2 disorders generally have aworse course and respond particularly poorly to cognitive behavioral therapy (SEKT). An open, unstructured, supportive, patient-centered psychotherapy (FEST) is generally effective.
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