Relaciones de poder entre los entrenadores y las mujeres deportistas de combate de alto rendimiento en los casos de acoso sexual en Colombia

Abstract

This project is born from life experience as a performance athlete, coach, professional in the area and leader in sports organizations. While sport is often seen as a safe and healthy environment that contributes to the positive development of young people, it is also an area where violence can manifest itself in a variety of ways, including sexual harassment. The discussion is carried out from the contribution of two authors Martha Nussbaum and Pierre Bourdieu who have built from philosophy a perspective of power relations and harassment. It is analyzed how power relations between coaches and high-performance combat athletes affect cases of sexual harassment in Colombia, as a problem from a bioethical perspective, the different expressions of power relations and harassment are identified and analyzed. between female coaches and athletes in combat sports. In the same way, it is analyzed how these different power relations can promote or facilitate the sexual harassment of combat athletes by coaches in Bogotá. Finally, conceptual inputs, reflections and recommendations are offered for the possible construction of a code of ethics that prevents sexual harassment in combat sports according to the results of this study. In relation to this delimitation, for example, Martha Nussbaum (2017) argues that pride and greed are vices of domination that are at the root of harassment and sexual assault. This philosophy points out that narcissistic gender pride turns women into objects to be used, rather than full human beings. And that this objectification has made it acceptable to subjugate women because greed prevents wealthy and powerful members of society from being held accountable, often making it easier for them to repeatedly commit crimes with impunity. In relation to the above, coaches usually tend to feel or infer about their knowledge superior to that of the players, because in the development of athletic skills and in matters of performance improvement. This is based on the education, sports skills and performance level of the sports professional, where these aspects together form the expert power of the coach. As in the case of power, hegemonic masculinity represents an important influence, rooted in sport as the manufacturer and distributor of traditional masculine values. This work builds an image of the context of power relations in combat sports and how these are an axis of vulnerability that has led to sexual harassment in the experienced sports environment, where it has been noted that this social and cultural exchange can have a imbalance of power and control, leading to the potential of abuse of power, as a research method, through the socio-critical paradigm, where the need to promote a rational and liberating autonomy of human beings that promotes mass participation and self reflection. The project approach is defined as the mixed one that represents research that involves collecting, analyzing and interpreting quantitative and qualitative data in a single study or in a series of studies that investigate the same underlying phenomenon. This is a cross-sectional and interpretive project, as information collection instruments, a structured survey was designed as a research method used to collect data from female combat athletes to obtain information and points of view on various topics of interest concerning women. power relations and sexual harassment. Particularly in this project, the survey allows knowing the perception of power relations and sexual harassment between the coach and the female athlete. The survey is aimed at 34 women who practice combat sports who anonymously and voluntarily participated in the study. Once the information is collected, its analysis is carried out, the triangulation method will be applied, which implies the careful review of the data collected through different methods to achieve a more precise and valid estimate of the qualitative results of a particular construct. where using multiple data sets, methods, theories, or researchers addresses a research question, as a strategy that can help improve the validity and credibility of your findings.