RELACIÓN POROSIDAD-RETENCIÓN DE HUMEDAD EN MEZCLAS DE SUSTRATOS Y SU EFECTO SOBRE VARIABLES RESPUESTA EN PLÁNTULAS DE LECHUGA

Abstract

The relationship among porosity, size and particle distribution (1-2 mm and 2-3.36 mm) with water retention for different mixtures of materials: coir (Fc), stone (P) or volcanic stone (T), combined in variables proportions (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 v/v) was studied. The effect of the combination Fc:P with a particle size (1-2 mm) on response variables in lettuce seedlings var. Summertime was analyzed. The water retention curve was determined. The types of pores and the particle distribution pattern of the mixtures was analyzed though thin sections. Porosity was quantified using an image analyzer. Results showed that Fc:T and Fc:P mixtures (75:25 v/v), showed the highest volumetric (98 %) and gravimetric (230 %) water retention capacity, as well as an anisotropic or heterogeneous pore system (macro and micro), and a band distribution, that allowed percolation and optimal water retention for the development of lettuce seedlings, represented in the best response variables and quality of root ball. In contrast, the rest of the mixture with an isotropic or homogeneous pore system, either simple or compound packing pores, and a basic random distribution of particles, generating more percolation or more water retention, that limited the growth of seedlings. Micromorphology can be useful for understanding the physical properties of the subs¬trates by directly determining the type, size and continuity of pores, characteristics that affect water-air availability.