Reinvigoration of corn seeds (common, popcorn, sweet and super sweet) by hydroconditioning

Abstract

Hydroconditioning has been tested in some crops as an attempt to improve seed performance in the field. Minimum germination standards for corn (Zea mays L.) seeds in Brazil varies from 85% for common, 70% for popcorn and sweet and 60% for super sweet one, due to genotypic effect on physiological seed quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of periods of hydroconditioning (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes) and gas insufflation techniques (atmospheric air, concentrated oxygen and none) on seed germination and vigor of corn seeds of different physiological qualities (high and low) and types (common, popcorn, sweet and super sweet). The experiment was carried out in a 5x3x2 factorial design for each corn type, with four replicates. The evaluated parameters comprised water content, germination and electrical conductivity of seeds; main root and seedling length and dry mass of seedlings. Positive effects of the hydroconditioning were observed on seed reinvigoration of corn of all qualities and types and the best results were achieved with hydroconditioning with air or oxygen insufflation, during 60 to 90 minutes, which is therefore recommended to reinvigorate seeds of common, popcorn, sweet and super sweet corn.