Reinvestigation of positional distribution of tetracosahexaenoic acid in triacyl-sn-glycerols of flathead flounder flesh

Abstract

Positional distribution of fatty acids in triacyl-sn-glycerols (TAG) of the flathead flounder Hippoglossoides dubius has been reinvestigated in order to accurately determine the contents of tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3) in the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. Flesh TAG obtained from three flounders were subjected to stereospecific analysis using a suitable procedure for fish TAG analysis. The 24:6n-3 acid was found in the three positions at the concentrations of 0.3–5.5 mole% (the sn-1 position), 1.6–23.3 mole% (the sn-2 position), and 0.6–8.9 mole% (the sn-3 position). In contrast to a previous analysis, the present analysis revealed that 24:6n-3 is preferentially esterified in the sn-2 position followed by the sn-3 and sn-1 positions. Other polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3; DPA), showed a similar distribution pattern. These results indicate that the general tendency observed for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine fish TAG can be extended to the distribution of 24:6n-3 in flathead flounder TAG. Because the use of flathead flounders is entirely for human food, we thus intake 24:6n-3 concentrated in the sn-2 position of their TAG.