Abstract
Monoclonal antibody EBCA-1 is used in the sandwich immune assay for the detection of circulating Candida mannan in blood sera samples for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. To reinvestigate carbohydrate specificity of EBCA-1, a panel of biotinylated oligosaccharides structurally related to distinct fragments of Candida mannan were loaded onto a streptavidin-coated plate to form a glycoarray. Its use demonstrated that EBCA-1 recognizes the trisaccharide β-Man-(1→2)-α-Man-(1→2)-α-Man and not homo-α-(1→2)-linked pentamannoside, as was reported previously.
Highlights
Opportunistic yeasts of the genus Candida are the most common agents causing nosocomial fungal infections, and the fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) overall
The knowledge of fine carbohydrate specificity of the monoclonal antibody used in a diagnostic kit is important for understanding the molecular basis of observed possible false-positive and false-negative results
We reported the reinvestigation of carbohydrate specificity of EB-A2 monoclonal antibody used for the immune detection of the Aspergillus fumigatus galactomannan [25], where the connection between cross-reactivity, false-positive results, and the specificity of mAb EB-A2 was hypothesized
Summary
Opportunistic yeasts of the genus Candida are the most common agents causing nosocomial fungal infections, and the fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) overall. The IC diagnosis is still difficult due to the lack of specificity of the clinical symptoms and poor sensitivity of the cultural methods on blood samples up to only ~50% [3,4]. That is why the diagnosis of IC must combine direct mycological methods with other techniques. The FDA has approved a serum β-D-glucan assay (Fungitell® assay) for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections. It helps to predict possible invasive fungal infection which, despite positive results, are not specific for Candida infection. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the β-D-glucan test for diagnosing IC accounted for 75–80% and 80%, respectively [6]
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