Reinforcement sensitivity theory and occupational health: BAS and BIS on the job

Abstract

Reward and punishment sensitivity are central constructs that play a major role in individual differences in personality. Yet, few studies have tested the relevance of these constructs for occupational health research. Therefore, we examined the relationship between reward sensitivity and punishment sensitivity with occupational well-being. In a sample of 245 teachers we found that beyond job characteristics, reward sensitivity was mainly associated with positive indicators of well-being (job satisfaction, involvement). Punishment sensitivity statistically predicted stress and fatigue. In addition, reward and punishment sensitivity significantly interacted with job characteristics, suggesting that they play a role in the way employees react to favourable or unfavourable working conditions. Results indicate that reward and punishment sensitivity, as defined in the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality, are relevant constructs in occupational studies.