Abstract
Since the interaction between the steel reinforcement and concrete directly controls the bond strength between them, poor bond performance results in a direct negative effect on the existing state of reinforced concrete structures. This bond is one of the most important factors affecting the strength of reinforced concrete. The bond strength is measured using the pull-out test. The present paper discusses the effect of the addition of brine and olive oil mill wastewaters to the reinforced concrete mixes. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of brine wastewaters and olive oil mill wastewaters on the bond strength between steel and concrete when adding each of the admixtures to the concrete components. Pull-out tests were conducted on concrete mixes with additive contents of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 15 % by weight of water for each. It was found that the bonding strength of reinforced concrete specimens with an olive oil mill and brine wastewater improved and decreased by approximately 6–10% and 2–5%, respectively, if compared to the reference samples. These values were observed for mixes with additive contents of 7.5% for olive oil mill wastewaters and 10% for brine wastewaters. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-02-010 Full Text: PDF
Highlights
One of the main tasks of the national economies around the world is the improvement of construction material quality, the reduction of metals in building structures, and the efficiency of capital investments
The stress on water resources is due to the rapid increase in water demand influencing the water cycle, and this shows the importance of assessing human consumption and determining the impacts on water resources
The best percentage of brine wastewaters, which gives us the best strength, is 10%, If we look at Tables 12, 13, and Figure 8, we find that the bonding strength in the samples to which the brine wastewaters is added is close to the reference samples, and higher than the samples to which olive oil mill wastewaters has been section (3.3.1)
Summary
One of the main tasks of the national economies around the world is the improvement of construction material quality, the reduction of metals in building structures, and the efficiency of capital investments. The durability and effectiveness of structural elements when using new materials remain a major concern, including the challenge of bonding between steel reinforcement and concrete [1, 2]. The choice of new materials with low cost, durability, and environmental friendliness is a continuous challenge, especially in water-poor countries. It is critical to select waste materials such as brine wastewaters and olive oil mill wastewaters [3], both of which are abundant in Jordan. Pollution, industries, and the rapid increase in the population, freshwater resources are affected around the world [4,5,6]. More than half of the world's population will suffer from water shortages for at least one month each year by 2050. The stress on water resources is due to the rapid increase in water demand influencing the water cycle, and this shows the importance of assessing human consumption and determining the impacts on water resources
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