Abstract

Abstract Sociologists from several perspectives have critically addressed reification. In general, reification is a misplaced concreteness that occurs when an analytic or abstract concept is thought of or treated as a material reality. Through reification people regard human relations, actions, and ideas as independent of themselves, sometimes governing them. The abstraction “society” is frequently reified into something that has the power to act. Society does not act – people do. The significance of reification is found in Marx's discussion of “the fetishism of commodities” where social relationships appear as the relationships among things. For phenomenologists, reification is part of the natural attitude where human agents forget their own authorship of the lifeworld. In Bourdieu's work, doxa emphasizes reification in a similar manner where the existing world seems natural and inevitable.

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