Abstract
Though the relationship between dietary fiber and physical health has been investigated widely, the use of dietary fiber from marine plants has been investigated relatively rarely. The Saccharina japonica byproducts after the production of algin contain a large amount of insoluble polysaccharide, which will cause a waste of resources if ignored. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF)prepared from waste byproducts of Saccharina japonica by alkaline hydrolysis method for the first time had a wrinkled microscopic surface and low crystallinity, which not only significantly reduced liver index, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amiotransferase (ALT), and liver fat accumulation damage to the livers of obese diabetic mice, but also activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to increase liver glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. By LC-MS/MS employing a Nexera UPLC tandem QE high-resolution mass spectrometer, the 6 potential biomarker metabolites were screened, namely glycerophosphocholine (GPC), phosphocholine (PCho), pantothenic acid, glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and betaine; several pathways of these metabolites were associated with lipid metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the liver were observed. This study further provided a detailed insight into the mechanisms of SDF from Saccharina japonica byproducts in regulating the livers of obese mice with type 2 diabetes and laid a reliable foundation for the further development and utilization of Saccharina japonica.
Highlights
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the most prominent chronic diseases worldwide, and they are associated with increased risk of several complicating conditions [1]
The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) in Figure 1 revealed that SDF was a typical sugar spectrum from the overall spectrum [25]
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Summary
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the most prominent chronic diseases worldwide, and they are associated with increased risk of several complicating conditions [1]. 387 million people worldwide are at risk of diabetes [2], of whom nearly 90% are obese [3], and 90% of obese patients have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); 80% of NAFLD patients have insulin resistance [4]. The reason for this is that insulin resistance can lead to triglyceride synthesis, peripheral adipose lipolysis, and excessive liver fat accumulation, which promotes the progression of NAFLD; obesity, NAFLD, and diabetes are a vicious circle, and the incidence is closely related [5]. Polysaccharides from plants are utilized in attempting to treat obesity and diabetes [12]
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