Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory effect of resveratrol (RES) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and its influence on intestinal microorganisms and serum atlas in murine models during the development of inflammation to explore a novel method for the regulation of inflammation. Mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control (CON), LPS, and RES–LPS. The results showed that RES mitigated the inflammatory damage to the intes-tines and liver induced by LPS. Compared with the LPS group, RES treatment decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, myeloperoxidase, and alanine aminotransferase in the liver. Serum metabolic profile monitoring showed that, compared with the CON group, LPS decreased the levels of five metabolites, including cycloartomunin and glycerol triundecanoate, and increased the levels of eight metabolites, including N-linoleoyl taurine and PE(O-16:0/20:5(5Z), 8Z, 11Z, 14Z, 17Z). Conversely, RES treatment increased the levels of eight metabolites, including pantothenic acid, homovanillic acid, and S-(formylmethyl)glutathione, and reduced seven metabolites, including lysoPE(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0) and 13-cis-retinoic acid, etc., in comparison with the LPS group. Moreover, RES treatment alleviated the negative effects of LPS on intestinal microbes by reducing, for instance, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Alistipes, and increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. These results suggest that RES has great potential for preventing in-flammation.
Highlights
Resveratrol (RES) is a class of stilbene polyphenols with trans 3,5,4’-trihydroxy that has various properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties [1,2,3]
Since dietary antigens and toxins produced by microorganisms abound in the gastrointestinal tract, a healthy digestive tract is Resveratrol and Intestinal Inflammation considered to be in a constant “controllable” inflammation state
It inhibits the transport of the NF-kB p65 subunit from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, which is related to the inhibition of IkBa phosphorylation and degradation, and downregulates COX-2 and PGE2 to achieve negative regulation of IKK phosphorylation in intestinal cells [8]
Summary
Resveratrol (RES) is a class of stilbene polyphenols with trans 3,5,4’-trihydroxy that has various properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties [1,2,3]. The occurrence of inflammation is closely related to the occurrence of diseases [4,5,6]. Celiac disease is related to inflammation and oxidative stress, which are caused by an increase in reactive oxygen species and a decrease in antioxidant capacity [7]. In vitro evidence shows that RES reduces the expression of COX-2 in intestinal cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It inhibits the transport of the NF-kB p65 subunit from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, which is related to the inhibition of IkBa phosphorylation and degradation, and downregulates COX-2 and PGE2 to achieve negative regulation of IKK phosphorylation in intestinal cells [8]. RES can inhibit the growth of the SK-ChA-1 cell line, increase the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase, and interfere with the cell cycle, accumulation in the G1/S phase, which indicates that it has an antitumor effect [9]
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