Abstract
Accurate regulation of cell cycle is important for normal tissue development and homeostasis. RCC2 (Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 2) play a role as chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) implicated in all cell cycle phases. RCC2 was initially identified as Ran guanine exchange factor (GEF) for small G proteins. Therefore, RCC2 plays a key role in oncogenesis of most cancers. RCC2 is implicated in Colorectal Cancer (CRC), Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD), breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Expression level of RCC2 protein determines regulation of tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and radio-chemotherapeutic resistance. In this review, we explored proteins that interact with RCC2 to modulate tumor development and cancer therapeutic resistance by regulation of cell cycle process through various signaling pathways.
Highlights
Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 2 (RCC2) is a member of Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 1 (RCC1) superfamily
The review summarizes the role of RCC2 in cell cycle, effects of overexpression of RCC2 gene in development of various cancers, such as promotion of tumor cell metastasis, RCC2 molecular features and proteins that interact with RCC2 as a tumor-promoting gene
Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) samples show high RCC2 expression, which is positively correlated with high JNK1/2 activation (Pang et al, 2017). These findings show that RCC2 plays a role in JNK pathway which is implicated in progression and maintenance of phenotypic and cellular changes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Sahu et al, 2015)
Summary
Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 2 (RCC2) is a member of Regulator of Chromatin Condensation 1 (RCC1) superfamily. Previous studies report that RCC2 gene plays an essential role in regulating cell cycle progression during interphase (Yenjerla et al, 2013). RCC2 interacts with and deactivates Rac, which is controlled by p53 (a short-lived tumor suppressor protein) signaling axis. These interactions regulate cell migration and suppression of metastasis in colorectal cancer (Song et al, 2018). RCC2 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer, by activating Wnt-signaling pathway, promoting cell proliferation and migration through Epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) (Chen et al, 2019). The review summarizes the role of RCC2 in cell cycle, effects of overexpression of RCC2 gene in development of various cancers, such as promotion of tumor cell metastasis, RCC2 molecular features and proteins that interact with RCC2 as a tumor-promoting gene
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