Abstract
In 1999-2005 meat-processing and furniture industry was actively developed. Simultaneouslywith growth of these industrial sectors it is necessary to solve problems of perniciousinfluence on the environment. These problems can be separated into legislative and technical.In terms of law, the problem of waste products in these enterprises is a standardization ofgeneration and allocation of waste products. Recently, majority of enterprises were notinformed about the necessity of compliance with the demand and they were breaking the lawdeliberately. Currently, the problems of regulation within the sphere of waste products arewaste generation accounting, licensing and settlement of accounts.Technical problem of studied aspect is the necessity of modern recycling equipment andmethods usage. This makes difficulties for enterprises to perform an efficient activity inwastes disposal and involves them into flow process as well. The process of collecting andremoving wastes from wood chipboards and reutilization of those when producing veneer isnon-value-adding due to long distance from the furniture enterprises of Kaliningrad Region toenterprises, which produce wood chipboards.Meat processing industry in Kaliningrad Region has some problems with removal of wastesfrom the main production, which can be fewer than I 0% from the crudes, entering into theenterprise. During the period of 2000 - 2003, animal wastes were carried out by gratuitousassignment of these wastes into animal food in fur fanning and pig fanns. However,currently, the amount of meat processing enterprises has increased, that has been broughtabout by considerable growth of wastes. At the same time, the number of animal farms wascut down.To sum up, currently, the issue of wastes placement from meat processing industries is not anactual problem because of ban import of meat-on-bone into Russian Federation. Whereas, theissue of removing waste products can become sharp due to the great demand on the crudesand the agriculture government support.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONIn 1999-2005, meat-processing and furniture industry was actively developed in the Kaliningrad region, Simultaneously with development of these industries, it is essential to observe the current legislation in the field of preservation of the environment, Regulation of pernicious influence on the environment and its compensation (chargeability) can be singled out as principles of nature management for current enterprises, Reasoning from these attitudes, activity of environmental service of each industrial object comes to working out norn,s of pernicious influence and pennissions on the influence, its registration, accounts and payment calculation for actual impact on the environment, Simultaneously, with development of industrial production, both managerial responsibility for non-observance of nature-conservative legislation and attention from the direction of state supervisory organizations and the public are toughened, For the past 2 years the sum of punitive measures imposed for violation of environmental legislation has 2 times increased; a new article has been implemented in the Code of administrative infractions - for timely non-payment for pernicious influence on the environment Having analyzed practice of arbitration and administrative procedure in the region of environmental legislation observance, one can conclude that 95% of enterprises have no pernicious impact on the environment in accordance with established lawful procedure and correspondingly, no pennissions on this impact, Beginning from the second half of 2006, the main appearing violation of nature-conservative legislation acts has become non-payment for pernicious influence on the environment
The problem of waste products in these enterprises is a standardization of generation and allocation of waste products
Meat processing industry in Kaliningrad Region has some problems with removal of wastes from the main production, which can be fewer than I 0% from the crudes, entering into the enterprise
Summary
In 1999-2005, meat-processing and furniture industry was actively developed in the Kaliningrad region, Simultaneously with development of these industries, it is essential to observe the current legislation in the field of preservation of the environment, Regulation of pernicious influence on the environment and its compensation (chargeability) can be singled out as principles of nature management for current enterprises, Reasoning from these attitudes, activity of environmental service of each industrial object comes to working out norn,s of pernicious influence and pennissions on the influence, its registration, accounts and payment calculation for actual impact on the environment, Simultaneously, with development of industrial production, both managerial responsibility for non-observance of nature-conservative legislation and attention from the direction of state supervisory organizations and the public are toughened, For the past 2 years the sum of punitive measures imposed for violation of environmental legislation has 2 times increased; a new article has been implemented in the Code of administrative infractions - for timely non-payment for pernicious influence on the environment Having analyzed practice of arbitration and administrative procedure in the region of environmental legislation observance, one can conclude that 95% of enterprises have no pernicious impact on the environment in accordance with established lawful procedure and correspondingly, no pennissions on this impact, Beginning from the second half of 2006, the main appearing violation of nature-conservative legislation acts has become non-payment for pernicious influence on the environment. Observance of environmental legislation by enterprises is stimulated, firstly, by heavy managerial responsibility, secondly, a necessity of payment for pernicious influence on the environment. The existent calculation procedure of payment for environmental pollution has a differentiated character, i,e, each contaminant (or a danger class of wastes) corresponds with its basic payment rate for I ton, Besides, basic payment rates applied in the presence of pernicious influence norrns, there are rates within limits (in cases of temporarily established norrns) and over-nonnative rates (in cases of norm exceeding or absence of them), The difference between normative and over-nonnative wastes disposal is 5 times, Table I graphically illustrates the difference between payment for normative and over-norn,ative impact. In conformity with the federal law "Environment protection", enterprises are to regulate their pernicious influence with a view to decrease it Regulation and payment for pernicious influence are mechanisms of economic stimulating for enterprises to reduce their impact. Worked out and coordinated projects of pernicious influence nom,s (in particular, PNOLRO) are to act during 5 years on the condition of technological process invariability, otherwise require correction and reconsideration, In most cases enterprises receive pernicious influence nom,s after negotiation of projects with corresponding authorities,
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