Abstract
Background: Hylocereus undatus produces fruits known as dragon fruit (Pitaya). The fruit and other parts of Hylocereus species are used for the treatment of diuretic, gastritis, kidney problems, and wound healing. Objectives: To investigate anti-inflammatory properties of the flesh and peel of Pitaya and to identify the major bioactive constituent(s). Materials and Methods: The flesh and the peel of the fruit were blended separately with water, vacuum-distilled, freeze-dried, and then used for the bioassay tests against the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-Lipox), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes. Results: Squalene appeared to be the dominant constituent (13.2%) in the flesh of the fruit. The crude flesh extract and the squalene showed strong activities against AChE with inhibition percentage >80% (IC50
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