Abstract
The technology of application of pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the precision farming system provides for differentiated treatment of agricultural fields with variable standards of pesticides and differentiated application of fertilizers. Existing UAVs do not provide differentiated fertilization of plants with fertilizers and differentiated treatment of plants with pesticides due to imperfect flow control systems and working fluid application rates. Substantiation of methods for regulating the flow rate and norms of working fluids of pesticides and fertilizers is based on the flow continuity equations, Bernoulli and the equation that determines the rate and dose of pesticides and fertilizers depending on the operational and technological parameters of the UAV. The paper shows that to differentiate the norms for applying the working fluid of pesticides and fertilizers, it is advisable to use methods for regulating the norms by changing the area of the outlet openings of sprayers and the step of their placement, while differentiating the norms can be carried out both by a combination of these methods and by including one or several standard sizes in the work of sprayers simultaneously.
Highlights
IntroductionFor each elementary section of the field that requires processing, a predetermined amount of pesticide or fertilizer working fluid is introduced in an uninterrupted stream with deviations not exceeding the permissible values established by agrotechnical requirements
The technology of applying pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the precision farming system provides for the differentiated treatment of agricultural fields with variable pesticide rates based on the phytosanitary state of the agrocenosis, taking into account the economic threshold of harmfulness, weed infestation, pest population density, differentiated introduction of variables doses of liquid nitrogen fertilizers in the form of foliar feeding of plants and plant growth regulators based on an agrochemical cartogram of an agricultural field [1,2,3,4]
An unmanned aerial system BAS-137 VIM was developed on the basis of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) of a coaxial helicopter type BVS-137 VIM and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on a gyroplane for differentiated application of pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals in the precision farming system [5,6]
Summary
For each elementary section of the field that requires processing, a predetermined amount of pesticide or fertilizer working fluid is introduced in an uninterrupted stream with deviations not exceeding the permissible values established by agrotechnical requirements. There is a variety of ways to regulate the flow rate and systems for automatic dosing of liquids [7,8].
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