Abstract
Ciliary beating is empowered by a mechanochemical enzyme, dynein, which appears as two rows of projections on doublet microtubules. While inner-arm dyneins modulate beat form, outer-arm dynein empowers ciliary beat and sets beat frequency. Beat frequency is controlled via phosphorylation of outer-arm dynein. UsingParamecium tetraurelia as model system, we have previously identified a regulatory light chain of outer-arm dynein (22S dynein), Mr29 (p29), whose phosphorylation is cAMP-dependent. The phosphorylation state of the p29 in 22 S dynein determines in vitro microtubule translocation velocity. Although in vitro phosphorylation of p29 takes place in a short time, the percent change ist significantly less than the percent change in dynein activation, or in ciliary beat frequency. A potential mechanism that explains how a few activated dyneins can change ciliary beating is discussed.
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