Abstract
Heat stress is an important factor limiting plant growth, development, and productivity; thus, plants have evolved special adaptive mechanisms to cope with high-temperature stress. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of regulatory RNAs that play an important role in many biological processes. Recently developed advanced technologies, such as genome-wide transcriptomic analysis, have revealed that abundant ncRNAs are expressed under heat stress. Although this area of research is still in its infancy, an increasing number of several classes of regulatory ncRNA (i.e., miRNA, siRNA, and lncRNA) related to heat stress responses have been reported. In this mini-review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of ncRNAs in heat stress responses in plants, especially miRNAs, siRNAs, and their targets. For example, the miR398-CSD/CCS-HSF, miR396-WRKY6, miR159-GAMYB, and TAS1-HTT-HSF pathways regulate plant heat tolerance. We highlight the hormone/development-related miRNAs involved in heat stress, and discuss the regulatory networks of miRNA-targets. We also note that DNA methylation and alternative splicing could affect miRNA expression under heat stress, and some lncRNAs could respond to heat stress. Finally, we briefly discuss future prospects concerning the ncRNA-related mechanisms of heat stress responses in plants.
Highlights
Abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, salinity, and low temperature, seriously impact the growth and productivity of plants
Most previous research focused on the regulatory mechanisms linking heat response stress to genes or transcription factors, such as the heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) regulating the expression of heat-responsive genes, and further affecting the accumulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in plant thermotolerance (Wang et al, 2004; Huang and Xu, 2008)
A rapidly increasing number of ncRNAs have been reported to function in heat stress responses in plants (Table 1). In this mini-review, we summarize the plant ncRNAs involved in heat responses, focusing on miRNAs, siRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)
Summary
Abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, salinity, and low temperature, seriously impact the growth and productivity of plants. MiR398 was shown to be rapidly induced in response to heat stress, accompanied by the downregulation of its target genes (CSD1, CSD2, and CCS; Guan et al, 2013; Figure 1B).
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