Abstract
Both nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to have positive effects on the maintenance of fruit quality during storage; however, the mechanisms by which NO regulates the endogenous H2S metabolism remain unknown. In this experiment, peaches were immersed in solutions of NO, potassium 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO, as an NO scavenger), N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like activity), and sodium tungstate (as an inhibitor of nitrate reductase), and the resulting changes in the H2S metabolism of peaches were studied. The results showed that exogenous NO reduced the contents of endogenous H2S, Cys, and sulfite; decreased the activities of l-/d-cysteine desulfhydrase (l-/d-CD), O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase (OAS-TL), and sulfite reductase (SiR); and increased the activity of β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS). Both c-PTIO and sodium tungstate had similar roles in increasing the H2S content by sustaining the activities of l-/d-CDs, OAS-TL, and SiR. l-NAME increased the H2S content, mainly by maintaining the d-CD activity. The results suggest that NO, c-PTIO, l-NAME, and sodium tungstate differently regulate the H2S metabolism of peaches during storage.
Highlights
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), as a bioactive signaling molecule, exhibits multiple functions in the various plant developmental stages and in their responses to different stresses, including heavy metal exposure, temperature, drought, and salt stress [1,2,3]
Exogenous nitric oxide (NO) significantly reduced the respiration rate, ethylene production, weight loss rate, and browning degree, and it allowed the peaches to maintain a high content of soluble sugar during storage (Figure 1)
No differences were found in the ethylene production, weight loss, and content of soluble sugar between peaches treated with l-NAME and the control peaches
Summary
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), as a bioactive signaling molecule, exhibits multiple functions in the various plant developmental stages and in their responses to different stresses, including heavy metal exposure, temperature, drought, and salt stress [1,2,3]. It is considered to function as a signaling molecule during plant cross-adaptation [4]. Exogenous H2 S, as well as donors such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), can decrease Na+ concentration to alleviate growth inhibition caused by. NaCl stress in wheat seedlings [5]. NaHS induces the antioxidant system and osmolyte biosynthesis to improve the seed germination and seedling growth of maize under elevated temperatures [6]. Environmental stresses cause the accumulation of endogenous H2 S, which regulates the peroxisomal. It has been reported that the physiological concentration of H2 S ranges from 0.0089 to 1.978 μmol g−1 on the basis of fresh weight, independent of the species, organ, or developmental stage of Arabidopsis [8]
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