Abstract
Abstract The hippocampus supports the acquisition of both spatial representations and long-term spatial memory. This is enabled by a triumvirate of physiological processes comprising information organisation and transfer by means of neuronal oscillations, creation of context-dependent spatial maps by means of place cells, and long-term storage of spatial experience by means of synaptic plasticity. All three processes are enabled by the glutamatergic system. Glutamate binding to ionotropic glutamate receptors enables both fast excitatory synaptic transmission (via AMPA receptors) and the initiation of long-term synaptic storage (via NMDA receptors). But glutamate also binds to metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors. These receptors not only contribute to the stability of hippocampal encoding and the longevity of synaptic plasticity, they can also support synaptic information storage independent of NMDA receptor activation and are important for the acquisition and retention of long-term memory.
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