Abstract
The intestinal barrier protects the epithelium from intrusion by luminal noxious substances, allergens, and microbial pathogens. Dysfunction of the barrier occurs commonly in critical disorders, leading to the translocation of luminal toxic substances and bacteria to the bloodstream. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, regulate a variety of biological processes and are intimately involved in diverse human diseases. Here we highlight the roles of several RBPs and ncRNAs expressed in the intestinal epithelium in the regulation of gut barrier function, focusing on the emerging evidence of RBPs and ncRNAs in the control of mRNA stability and translation. We also discuss recent findings that the interactions between RBPs and ncRNAs influence intestinal epithelium homeostasis and barrier function under different pathophysiological conditions. These new insights into the posttranscriptional regulation of the gut barrier function by RBPs and ncRNAs could aid the development of effective therapies that protect the barrier function in patients with critical disorders.
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