Regulation of feeding behavior and psychomotor activity by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in fish

Kouhei Matsuda

doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00091

Abstract

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide belonging to a family of neuropeptides that includes urocortins, urotensin I, and sauvagine in vertebrates. CRH and urocortin act as anorexigenic factors for satiety regulation in fish. In a goldfish model, intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of CRH has been shown to affect not only food intake, but also locomotor and psychomotor activities. In particular, CRH elicits anxiety-like behavior as an anxiogenic neuropeptide in goldfish, as is the case in rodents. This paper reviews current knowledge of CRH and its related peptides derived from studies of teleost fish, as representative non-mammals, focusing particularly on the role of the CRH system, and examines its significance from a comparative viewpoint.

Highlights

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a 41-amino-acid neuropeptide present in the brains of vertebrates, was first isolated and characterized from the ovine hypothalamus (Vale et al, 1981), and subsequently identified in non-mammalian brains (Lovejoy and Balment, 1999)
CRH is a member of a family of related peptides that includes urotensin-I (UI), sauvagine, and urocortin/stresscopin in vertebrates (Lovejoy and Balment, 1999; Boorse and Denver, 2006)
CRH is known to induce the release of adenohypophyseal hormones such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), β-endorphin, and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) from the pituitary, and there is ample evidence that CRH and its related peptides play multiple roles in animal development and in physiological and behavioral adaptation to environmental changes and energy balance (Tonon et al, 1986; Hauger et al, 1988, 2006; Lowry and Moore, 2006; Cooper and Huhman, 2007; Denver, 2009; Papadimitriou and Priftis, 2009; Chen et al, 2012; Kubota et al, 2012)

Summary

Kouhei Matsuda*

Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide belonging to a family of neuropeptides that includes urocortins, urotensin I, and sauvagine in vertebrates. CRH and urocortin act as anorexigenic factors for satiety regulation in fish. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of CRH has been shown to affect food intake, and locomotor and psychomotor activities. CRH elicits anxiety-like behavior as an anxiogenic neuropeptide in goldfish, as is the case in rodents. This paper reviews current knowledge of CRH and its related peptides derived from studies of teleost fish, as representative non-mammals, focusing on the role of the CRH system, and examines its significance from a comparative viewpoint

INTRODUCTION

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CONCLUSION