Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an incurable progressive disease with the progressive impairment of kidney function, which can accelerate the progression of cardiovascular disease, increase the risk of infection, and lead to related complications such as anemia and bone disease. CKD is to a great extent preventable and treatable, and it is particularly important to improve the early diagnosis, strengthen the research underlying the mechanism of disease occurrence and development, and innovate new intervention measures. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) belongs to one of members of endocrine FGF subfamily with evolutionarily conserved functions and performs a vital role in the regulation of energy balance and adipose metabolism. FGF21 needs to rely on β-Klotho protein to specifically bind to FGF receptor (FGFR), which activates the FGF21 signaling exerting the biological function. FGF21 is deemed as an important regulatory factor extensively modulating many cellular functions under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Although the metabolic effect of FGF21 has been extensively studied, its potential biological role in the kidney has not been generally investigated. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics, regulation and biological function of FGF21 based on the current studies, and briefly discuss the potential relationship with chronic kidney disease.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease characterized by high morbidity and mortality, which is characterized by the changes in the structure and function of the kidney owing to various reasons (Kalantar-Zadeh et al, 2021)
CKD can accelerate the progression of cardiovascular disease, increase the risk of infection, and lead to anemia and bone disease, as well as other complications that increase the risk of premature death
In type 2 diabetes patients, the level of serum Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is significantly linked to the occurrence of nephropathy, proteinuria, and the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (Jian et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2015)
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease characterized by high morbidity and mortality, which is characterized by the changes in the structure and function of the kidney owing to various reasons (Kalantar-Zadeh et al, 2021). Studies have verified that serum FGF21 levels in patients with CKD increase progressively and reach 20 times over the normal range (Hindricks et al, 2014). In type 2 diabetes patients, the level of serum FGF21 is significantly linked to the occurrence of nephropathy, proteinuria, and the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (Jian et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2015).
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