Abstract
The rising prevalence of osteoporosis, which can lead to osteoporotic fractures, increases morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. Multiple factors influencing bone mass have already been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exercise habits and weight-control behaviors can lower the incidence of osteoporosis in the general population. This retrospective study recruited all participants aged 35–70 years who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) from Taiwan Biobank (TWB). The final analysis consisted of 3320 eligible participants divided into two groups; demographic characteristics, prevalence of clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and daily behavior were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. After propensity score matching with a 1:1 ratio, 1107 out of 2214 individuals were classified into the osteoporosis group. Age, body fat rate, body shape, diabetes mellitus, and social status were found to affect the incidence of osteoporosis. Subjects with a habit of regular exercise and weight-control behavior showed decreased odds of osteoporosis. (odds ratio: 0.709 and 0.753, 95% confidence interval: 0.599–0.839 and 0.636–0.890). In the general population, regular exercise or weight-control behavior lowers the incidence of osteoporosis.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem, and a projected rising prevalence is expected in an aged society [1]
Whether the exercise is resistance training or not, the aim of this study was to investigate if the general population with a habit of regular exercise has a lower incidence of osteoporosis after propensity score matching through the Taiwan Biobank (TWB)
Of the 3320 subjects who received dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for bone mineral density (BMD) measurement, 1660 people were diagnosed with osteoporosis according to a T-score ≤ −2.5
Summary
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem, and a projected rising prevalence is expected in an aged society [1]. It is often asymptomatic until osteoporotic fractures occur [2]. According to statistics from the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), 158 million adults aged 50 years and above are at high risk of osteoporotic fracture worldwide, and the number is predicted to double by 2040. Osteoporosis is prevalent in women and the elderly, but it occurs in all populations and at all ages, and osteoporotic fractures cause significant morbidity, mortality and psychosocial and financial consequences [3]. In the USA, the cost of treatment for osteoporotic fractures is expected to reach USD 95 billion annually by 2040 [5].
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