Regression-Derived Ileal Endogenous Amino Acid Losses in Broiler Chickens and Cannulated Pigs Fed Corn Fiber, Wheat Bran, and Pectin.

Sunday A Adedokun,Olayiwola Adeola

doi:10.3390/ani10112145

Abstract

Simple SummaryFor animal agriculture to be environmentally sustainable, nitrogen excretion must be reduced. This means diet must be formulated to closely meet the requirements of the animal. Accounting for basal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses during diet formulation helps in formulating diets that closely match amino acid requirements. These studies examined the effect of three or two different ingredient types on basal losses of amino acids in broiler chickens or pigs, respectively. Corn fiber resulted in higher ileal EAA losses compared with wheat bran in broiler chickens. With the exception of His, Leu, and Tyr, there was no difference in basal ileal EAA losses between corn fiber and pectin in cannulated growing pigs. These studies show that in addition to fiber effects, dietary nitrogen sources could have a different effect on basal ileal EAA losses.The objective of these studies was to determine the effect corn fiber (CF), wheat bran (WB) and pectin (PEC) on basal ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses in broiler chickens (Exp. 1) and cannulated pigs (Exp. 2) using the regression method. Semi-purified diets containing 100 g/kg of CF, WB, or PEC (broiler chickens) and CF or PEC (pigs) were fed to replicate cages consisting of eight birds per cage of 21-d-old broiler chickens and six replicates of pigs consisting of one pig per pen. Ileal endogenous His, Glu, and Pro losses were higher (p < 0.05) for CF and WB compared with birds fed diets containing PEC. Contrasts between CF and WB showed higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous nitrogen, total amino acid, His, Ile, Met, Glu, Pro, and Tyr losses in birds fed the CF diets (Exp. 1). Contrasts of EAA losses between birds fed the WB and PEC diets showed higher (p < 0.05) losses for His, Glu, and Pro. In the cannulated pigs, CF resulted in higher (p < 0.05) ileal endogenous His, Leu, and Tyr losses. In summary, CF induced higher ileal EAA losses in broiler chickens and cannulated pigs.

Highlights

In the quest to reduce feed cost, improve animal uniformity, and minimize nitrogen excretion into the environment, non-ruminant animal nutritionists have embraced diet formulation on ileal digestible amino acid basis, especially in light of the increasing use of alternative feed ingredients.Diet formulation on a standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) basis is important in diet formulation on apparent digestibility basis because it accounts for basal ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA), the use of SIAAD values is more attractive
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different test feed ingredient (WB, corn fiber (CF), and PEC) on ileal EAA losses in broiler chickens and cannulated pigs using the regression method
This study showed that the effect of WHC on ileal EAA losses may not be as significant as the influence of crude fiber type and concentration

Summary

Introduction

In the quest to reduce feed cost, improve animal uniformity, and minimize nitrogen excretion into the environment, non-ruminant animal nutritionists have embraced diet formulation on ileal digestible amino acid basis, especially in light of the increasing use of alternative feed ingredients.Diet formulation on a standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) basis is important in diet formulation on apparent digestibility basis because it accounts for basal ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA), the use of SIAAD values is more attractive. In the quest to reduce feed cost, improve animal uniformity, and minimize nitrogen excretion into the environment, non-ruminant animal nutritionists have embraced diet formulation on ileal digestible amino acid basis, especially in light of the increasing use of alternative feed ingredients. In order to obtain consistent and reliable EAA losses data for standardization of apparent ileal amino acid digestibility values, it is important to evaluate the effect of different dietary components, such as fiber type (soluble vs non-soluble) and viscosity, of feed ingredients on basal ileal EAA flow. High levels of dextrose compared with high levels of cornstarch in a typical nitrogen-free diet (NFD) resulted in significantly higher ileal EAA losses in broiler chickens [7]. Ileal EAA losses in mature broiler chickens were significantly higher in birds fed an NFD with a high dietary electrolyte balance (108 vs. 219 mEq/kg, [8])

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion