Abstract
A flexible parametric method is proposed for smoothing the dose effect in a general, threshold dose-response model with random effects. This method uses a combination of linear B-splines in which an interior knot, regarded as a free parameter for a piece-wise linear spline, indicates a break point in the dose-response curve. The knot will be estimated and may be interpreted as a threshold value. The proposed methodology is applied to data from a developmental toxicity study conducted by the National Toxicology Program.
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