Abstract
BackgroundsSocial Health Scale for the Elderly short version (SHSE-S) is a psychometrically sound instrument that comprehensively assesses the social health status of older adults in China. The aim of the present study was to establish continuous normative data of SHSE-S.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study among 31 communities in eastern China. Older adults aged 60 years and above were invited to participate in the study. Each participant was interviewed in-person to finish a structured questionnaire. The SHES-S score was calculated and standardized for each participant. We split the sample into generation and validation datasets and compared the distribution of SHSE-S score between two datasets. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the SHSE-S score and demographic variables. Regression-based norms were built using a four-step process.ResultsA total of 6089 participants (51.2% females) aged 60 years old and above (mean age = 71.3, SD = 8.0) were enrolled as the normative sample. No significant difference was found between the distribution of SHSE-S standardized score in the generation (N = 2392) and validation (N = 3697) datasets. Multivariable linear regression showed that females, higher education levels were positive indicators while aging, living alone, divorced or never married, multimorbidity were negative factors. The regression-based norm which taking demographic factors into account was established and a user-friendly worksheet was also provided to facilitate the scoring and norming of the SHSE-S.ConclusionsThe population-based regression norm of SHSE-S can be a useful tool for assessing the social health status of the Chinese elderly population.
Highlights
Health has long been considered as not just the absence of disease and the presence of physical, psychologicalThe definition of social health contains both individual-level social health and the social health ofYu et al Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2020) 18:54 society or a population [8]
With the normative data generated in this study, the SHSE scale could hopefully serve as an effective tool to assess the social health status of elderly population in China
Results of the current study showed no heterogeneity was found between the distribution of Scale for the Elderly short version (SHSE-S) between generation and validation datasets
Summary
Health has long been considered as not just the absence of disease and the presence of physical, psychologicalThe definition of social health contains both individual-level social health and the social health ofYu et al Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2020) 18:54 society or a population [8]. We have developed the first scale which combined both individual and society level of social health named “Social Health Scale for the Elderly (SHSE)” to evaluate the social health status for the elderly population in China. An alternative approach to derive continuous norms using multivariate regression models have been proposed [11] and widely used in neuropsychological and social related measures [12,13,14] This regression-based approach is useful insofar as it allows an individual’s predicted score on a measure to reflect specific demographic characteristics [15]. With the normative data generated in this study, the SHSE scale could hopefully serve as an effective tool to assess the social health status of elderly population in China. We aimed to 1) Verify the distribution of SHSE-S scores in Zhejiang Population; 2) use a regression-based approach to build normative data and reduce confounding variables such as age, gender, educational level, etc
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