Abstract

We introduce a supervised learning framework for target functions that are well approximated by a sum of (few) separable terms. The framework proposes to approximate each component function by a B-spline, resulting in an approximant where the underlying coefficient tensor of the tensor product expansion has a low-rank polyadic decomposition parametrization. By exploiting the multilinear structure, as well as the sparsity pattern of the compactly supported B-spline basis terms, we demonstrate how such an approximant is well-suited for regression and classification tasks by using the Gauss–Newton algorithm to train the parameters. Various numerical examples are provided analyzing the effectiveness of the approach.

Highlights

  • Approximating multivariate functions in high dimensions quickly becomes infeasible due to the curse of dimensionality

  • Building on the results for the GNbased computation of a CPD using alternative cost functions (Vandecappelle et al, 2021), we show that our algorithm can be altered to accommodate logistic cost functions which are more suitable for classification problems

  • We have introduced a supervised learning framework for regression and classification tasks which aims to approximate target functions with a sum of separable terms

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Approximating multivariate functions in high dimensions quickly becomes infeasible due to the curse of dimensionality. A common architecture, adapted by deep neural networks (Schmidhuber, 2015), is to express the approximant as a sequence of compositions of simpler functions. We study another commonly occuring structure in which the target function f (x) essentially has low rank and can be expressed as a sum of few separable terms, i.e., RD f (x) =. Apart from the former work on sums of separable functions (Beylkin et al, 2009; Garcke, 2010; Kargas and Sidiropoulos, 2021), the utility of other types of tensor decompositions have been studied in the literature.

B-splines
Multivariate Splines and Tensors
Low-Rank Separable Expansions and CPDs
REGRESSION
Two Interpretations
Gauss–Newton Algorithm
Numerical Examples
Case Study III
CLASSIFICATION
Logistic Cost Function
Generalized Gauss–Newton Algorithm
Case Study VI
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

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