Registry of aortic valve stenosis patients in delta region in Egypt

Abstract

Background: The most widespread valvular heart disease in industrialised nations is aortic stenosis (AS), and its rate rises with age. In relation to the present causes, the purpose of this paper was to characterise the clinical features of AS patients in the Delta area of Egypt, diagnostic and treatment strategies to improve the care of those patients. Methods: This prospective, observational, multicenter registry research involved 700 patients with prosthetic aortic valves and clinical criteria for mild, moderate, and severe AS. Aortic-valve gradients of less than 25 mmHg were considered mild, 25–40 mmHg were judged moderate, and greater than 1 cm2 was deemed severe based on European Society of Cardiology (ESC) standards. Results: Regarding age 43% were males and 57% were females, the severity 12% moderate, and severe in 18%, 4% participants had prosthetic valve. Echocardiography showed that 41% of patients had left ventricular hypertrophy. The ejection fraction (EF) ranged from 36 to 70 %, for Electrocardiogram, 68% had sinus rhythm, 18% had Atrial fibrillation, 10% had left Bundle branch block (BBB), and 4% had pathological Q wave, type of treatment was medical in 80% participants, and surgical in 13%, and Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVI) in 1%, 2% participants refused surgery and 4% were medically non-fit for surgery. Conclusions: No pharmaceutical treatment is presently effective in minimising the development of AS, and patient-education efforts will see a spike in the rate of AS in the population who are 50 years old and older, in both sexes, TAVI and Screening programs should be initiated among AS patients.