Registration of the cavitation regime in liquids under the action of ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

Ultrasonic vibrations are widely used in various industries and production: in metallurgy, in the chemical and food industries, in mechanical engineering, and in medicine. This is due to the physicochemical changes in the substance when superimposed sound fields. Cavitation in the ultrasonic field causes dispersion and emulsification of certain substances, promotes coagulation and degassing, affects the processes of crystallization and dissolution, it is known that ultrasonic vibrations cause a variety of chemical transformations of the substance, including oxidation, reduction, polymerization and depolymerization reactions. The researchers find the explanation of these phenomena in the diverse effect of cavitation on matter: shock waves, micro streams, acoustic wind. The experiments were carried out in a liquid medium (un-distilled water). The volume of the experimental test was 10 dm3. To obtain ultrasonic vibrations, the method of magnetostriction was used, the principle of which is to convert electric oscillations into mechanical ones. To assess the cavitation regime, the level of cavitation was recorded in two stages: the degree of erosion of the artificial obstacle, the measurement of the intensity of the cavitation noise in the volume