Registered Trials on Artificial Intelligence Conducted in Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Guina Liu,Lingmin Chen,Yonggang Zhang,Nian Li,Yi Yang

doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.634197

Abstract

Objective: Clinical trials contribute to the development of clinical practice. However, little is known about the current status of trials on artificial intelligence (AI) conducted in emergency department and intensive care unit. The objective of the study was to provide a comprehensive analysis of registered trials in such field based on ClinicalTrials.gov.Methods: Registered trials on AI conducted in emergency department and intensive care unit were searched on ClinicalTrials.gov up to 12th January 2021. The characteristics were analyzed using SPSS21.0 software.Results: A total of 146 registered trials were identified, including 61 in emergency department and 85 in intensive care unit. They were registered from 2004 to 2021. Regarding locations, 58 were conducted in Europe, 58 in America, 9 in Asia, 4 in Australia, and 17 did not report locations. The enrollment of participants was from 0 to 18,000,000, with a median of 233. Universities were the primary sponsors, which accounted for 43.15%, followed by hospitals (35.62%), and industries/companies (9.59%). Regarding study designs, 85 trials were interventional trials, while 61 were observational trials. Of the 85 interventional trials, 15.29% were for diagnosis and 38.82% for treatment; of the 84 observational trials, 42 were prospective, 14 were retrospective, 2 were cross-sectional, 2 did not report clear information and 1 was unknown. Regarding the trials' results, 69 trials had been completed, while only 10 had available results on ClinicalTrials.gov.Conclusions: Our study suggest that more AI trials are needed in emergency department and intensive care unit and sponsors are encouraged to report the results.

Highlights

Artificial intelligence (AI), described as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines [1], is a broad term that implies the use of a computer to model intelligent behavior with minimal human intervention, generally at a speed and scale that exceed human capability [2,3,4,5]
Registered trials on AI conducted in emergency department and intensive care unit were searched on ClinicalTrials.gov up to 12th January 2021
Of the 85 interventional trials, 15.29% were for diagnosis and 38.82% for treatment; of the 84 observational trials, 42 were prospective, 14 were retrospective, 2 were cross-sectional, 2 did not report clear information and 1 was unknown

Summary

Introduction

Artificial intelligence (AI), described as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines [1], is a broad term that implies the use of a computer to model intelligent behavior with minimal human intervention, generally at a speed and scale that exceed human capability [2,3,4,5]. With the achievement of computer science, AI is involved in clinical practice, including tracking data [6, 7], diagnosis [8], and support of decision making [9, 10]. AI has been widely used in clinical practices, such as in prediction, decision support, and the delivery of personalized health care [11,12,13], especially in diagnosis and treatment of acute events [14] to improve outcomes [15,16,17]. Adverse emergency and critical care will result in burdens and adverse outcomes, including weakness, dysfunction, contractures, pain, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and even death [21,22,23]. Will AI tools help physicians or patients in ED and ICU [26], there is still limited information and it should be assessed by well-deigned trials

Methods

Results

Conclusion