Regionally selective effects of GABA on hypothalamic GABA A receptor mRNA in vitro

Abstract

We tested whether GABA A receptor (R) subunit mRNA levels are homeostatically influenced by short-term exposure to GABA in two adjacent regions of the posterior hypothalamus. mRNA levels for seven GABA AR subunits and GABA-synthesizing enzyme (GAD) were quantified in the perifornical (PF) and dorsomedial (DM) hypothalamus following superfusion of slices for 90 min with a drug-free medium, GABA uptake blocker with or without GABA AR antagonist, gabazine, or GABA AR agonist with tetrodotoxin. Increasing endogenous GABA decreased mRNAs for all seven GABA AR subunits in the PF, and for three also in the DM, region; gabazine antagonized these effects in the PF region only and increased GAD-65 mRNA. Stimulation of GABA ARs in the presence of tetrodotoxin decreased mRNA for one GABA AR subunit (β 1). We conclude that, in the PF region where GABA facilitates sleep, increased GABA release may limit GABA AR-mediated inhibition, whereas in the DM region, GABA-induced changes are mainly mediated by non-GABA A receptors.