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Abstract
The transition from heterotrophism to autotrophism in acclimatization is a delicate process for most species. The objective of this work was to evaluate combinations of regional substrates of the Brazilian Northeast in the acclimatization and morphological development of minirose (Rosa chinensis ‘Minima’) seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using seedlings with 30 days of in vitro culture. The treatments were constituted by: 1) dry coconut powder; 2) 75% dry coconut powder + 25% rice husk; 3) 50% dry coconut powder + 50% rice husk; 4) 75% dry coconut powder + 25% charcoal rice husk; 5) 50% dry coconut powder + 50% carbonized rice husk; 6) 100% vermiculite; 7) 50% vermiculite + 50% dry coconut powder; 8) commercial substrate; 9) 75% sand + 25% dry coconut powder and 10) 50% sand + 50% dry coconut powder. After 21 days, the following characteristics were evaluated: survival percentage, leaf number, shoot height, dry matter of shoot and root and total dry matter. The regional materials tested showed a good choice of substrates to be used in the acclimatization of minirose seedlings. The vermiculite presented the worst results in the characteristics evaluated. Dry coconut powder as substrate should be used in mixtures with other materials to provide better acclimatization conditions. The use of 50% dry coconut powder + 50% rice husk provided a best development and growth of minirose seedlings (Rosa chinensis ‘Minima’) than other tested substrates
Highlights
The agribusiness of flowers and ornamental plants has great economic and social importance, as it values the agricultural activity generating employment, and income for micro and small producers throughout the Country, incorporating important parcels of rural female work
For the dry matter of the aerial part (DMAP) and total dry matter (TDM), the substrates significantly influenced the level of significance of 5% by the F test (Table 2)
Caldeira et al (2013) suggest that vermiculite needs balancing of essential nutrients and should be used in conjunction with other material, preferably of organic origin, in order to promote aeration and porosity to other less porous substrates, in agreement with the results found in the experiment, where the addition of dry coconut powder to vermiculite promoted better results in the analyzed characteristics when compared to the use of vermiculite substrate without addition of other materials
Summary
The agribusiness of flowers and ornamental plants has great economic and social importance, as it values the agricultural activity generating employment, and income for micro and small producers throughout the Country, incorporating important parcels of rural female work. In Brazil, there is an increase in the demand for the production of plants in ecologically correct containers and substrates favoring the use of agroindustrial residues as substrates that contribute to the reduction of production costs and to the use of residues whose disposal in the environment represents a great negative impact (Lopes, 2011). In this way, some agroindustrial residues such as rice husk, dry coconut powder, fruit peels and cultural residues have been tested to be used as substrates (Lopes, 2011; Rota & Pauletti, 2008). It is necessary to be aware of the substrates used in the production of seedlings, since they must present chemical and physical characteristics that are ideal for growth
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