Abstract

Brønsted acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) has got more and more focus in biomass-related studies and applications due to a few novel specialties. High-efficiency recycling approach and theory was necessary before scale-up utilization of Brønsted acidic DES in biomass processing. Regional recovery and controllable regeneration of Brønsted acidic DES oxalic acid-ethylene glycol (OA-EG) was studied in biomass fractionation by designing bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED)-based methodology. Dominating parameters controlling DES recovery were studied with emphasis. Recovery ratio of OA (90.6 %-97.8 %) and EG (94.3 %-98.0 %), current efficiency (89.3 %-94.7 %), transport rate of OA (29.3–458.7 mmol/(m2·min)) with total energy consumption (0.110–0.832 kW·h) and specific energy consumption (3.1–17.7 kW·h/kg) of DES recovery were studied to assess the BMED-based methodology. Reusability of regenerated Brønsted acidic DES was confirmed by repeated corncob fractionation and recovery experiments. Recovery cost of deep eutectic solvent OA-EG with BMED was estimated to be 0.5 %-5.2 % of its purchasing cost from supplier and 4.3 %-51.2 % of its industrial purchasing cost according to the economic appraisal. Perception acquired from this study revealed an efficient, low-cost and sustainable approach for Brønsted acidic DES recycling in biorefinery

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