Abstract
The average math score in Italy sizably improved in 2009. The quantile regression analysis shows that the determinants of the improvement are related to school resources. The decomposition at the quantiles shows that school characteristics are relevant in the north-center regions. In the south are relevant both covariates and coefficients. The coefficient component is unexplained by the model and is linked to changes in students' attitude, to a more favorable disciplinary climate. The southern regions gap decreases but does not disappear. The improved southern students’ attitude toward school, if supported by improvements in school characteristics, could further reduce the regional gap.
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