Abstract

espanolEste trabajo examina las disparidades espaciales en terminos de desarrollo en el interior de los Estados miembros de la UE. Para ello se utilizan datos correspondientes a 272 regiones pertenecientes a 28 paises a lo largo del periodo 1996-2010. El analisis llevado a cabo confirma que la desigualdad en el interior de los diferentes paises es un componente importante de la desigualdad espacial observada en el conjunto de la UE. De hecho, la desigualdad regional ha aumentado en la mayoria de los paises de la UE durante el periodo objeto de estudio. Los resultados tambien ponen de manifiesto la relevancia de los procesos de desarrollo nacional a la hora de explicar la evolucion de la desigualdad regional, si bien la relacion no es lineal. Los avances del PIB per capita nacional inicialmente contribuyen a aumentar las disparidades regionales. No obstante, una vez alcanzado un determinado nivel de desarrollo la relacion se hace negativa, de forma que los paises mas desarrollados tienden a experimentar menores niveles de desigualdad regional. Asimismo, la apertura de las fronteras nacionales a los mercados internacionales esta asociada con mayores disparidades espaciales. Al mismo tiempo, los paises con una mejor calidad institucional se caracterizan por registrar menor desigualdad regional. Estos resultados no dependen de la medida concreta utilizada para capturar la magnitud de las disparidades espaciales en el interior de los diferentes paises. Palabras clave: Desigualdad regional, paises, Union Europea. EnglishThis paper examines spatial disparities in terms of development within EU countries, using data for 272 regions in the current 28 member states over the period 1996-2010. The analysis carried out confirms that within-country inequality is an important component of overall inequality across European regions. Indeed, regional inequality increased in most EU countries throughout the study period. The results also underline the relevance of national development for within-country inequality, although the relationship is not linear. The advances in national GDP per capita first increase regional inequality. However, beyond a threshold level, the link turns from positive to negative and richer countries tend to experience lower levels of regional inequality. Moreover, the opening of national borders to international markets is associated with higher regional inequality in the EU countries. At the same time, countries with better quality of government have lower levels of regional inequality. These results do not depend on the specific measure used to quantify the magnitude of regional disparities within the sample countries.

Highlights

  • The existence of regional differences in terms of development across the European Union (EU) has attracted considerable attention from both scholars and politicians over the last two decades

  • The analysis carried out confirms that within-country inequality is an important component of overall inequality across European regions

  • Regional inequality increased in most EU countries throughout the study period

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Summary

Introduction

The existence of regional differences in terms of development across the European Union (EU) has attracted considerable attention from both scholars and politicians over the last two decades. The vast majority of studies on spatial disparities in the EU focus their attention on regional differences in terms of development across the EU as a whole, ignoring in many cases the degree of within-country inequality. Countries with better quality of government have lower levels of regional inequality These results do not depend on the specific measure used to quantify the magnitude of regional disparities within the sample countries, and they should be taken into account by policy makers in view of the risks that high levels of within-country inequality pose for the European construction project. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows

Regional inequality in the EU: does the national component matter?
Regional inequality within countries
The model
Results
Conclusions
Full Text
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