Abstract
Irrigation is crucial for sustaining agriculture in certain regions; however, there are effects on the local climate. Previous studies discussed that the irrigation signal might depend on the geographical region as well as the synoptic and climatic conditions. The work presented here aims to investigate the mechanisms behind changes in the irrigation impact on the local conditions depending on synoptic changes. Different to previous works, this employs convection-permitting simulations. Irrigation processes are parameterized in three different ways depending on the evaporative loss. The region of focus is in northern Italy (Po Valley), which is of interest for both the soil-atmosphere coupling strength and widely used irrigation. The simulation period is Summer 2015 (May–July), which includes a heatwave month (July) and an average month (June). The results show how irrigation prevented the drying out of the soil layers during the heatwave. This influences the surface flux partition differently, by increasing moisture flux and decreasing the sensible heat flux. In general, the irrigation impact magnitude, with respect to the control simulation, is more than double in July compared to June. This study discusses climate implications for the region, such as the impact of widespread irrigation on the vegetation health, the heatwave feedback mechanism, atmospheric pollution, and human heat discomfort.
Highlights
Irrigation is increasingly becoming crucial in sustainable food production worldwide
Climate change impacts on agriculture are commonly related to heat waves and drought conditions, which are projected to increase in both intensity and frequency for these areas [6]
The results presented here start by discussing the role of the irrigation in the soil moisture balance, relating it to the synoptic conditions
Summary
Irrigation is increasingly becoming crucial in sustainable food production worldwide. 20% of the total cultivated area is irrigated, it accounts for 40% of the agricultural production [1,2]. Most of the productive agricultural areas are situated in regions defined as vulnerable to negative impacts due to climate change [4,5,6]. Climate change impacts on agriculture are commonly related to heat waves and drought conditions, which are projected to increase in both intensity and frequency for these areas [6]. Those agricultural regions that rely on irrigation to sustain food production could be strongly affected
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