Abstract
Nanpan River is the source of the Pearl River in China, and thus, the exploitation of water resources in the Nanpan River Basin directly affects development in its middle and lower reaches. In the present study, the availability of water resources in the Nanpan River Basin and their differences were investigated. Sixteen statistical variables including the 25th and 75th percentiles, the coefficient of variation of the seasonal and annual precipitation and the annual precipitation concentration index were examined using monthly precipitation data collected in 33 stations in the Nanpan River Basin from 1956 to 2016. This paper studies the relationship between the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and the distance between stations, and uses principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis to identify the homogeneous precipitation regions in the Nanpan River Basin. The results reveal the following: 1) The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients for the monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation of the stations exhibit negative correlations with the interstation distance; the stronger the spatial correlation between both parameters, the shorter the time scale. 2) The factors controlling the spatial patterns of precipitation in the basin are its interannual and intra-annual variations. 3) Precipitation for the Nanpan River Basin produce two homogenous regions, which are associated with the influences of the South Asian monsoon, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the South Branch Trough. The first region is mainly to the east of longitude 104°E, while the second is principally to the west.
Highlights
The Pearl River is a major river in southern China that connects East China to West China and has the second largest discharge of any river in China, and its downstream area is one of the most economically developed regions in the country (Zhang et al, 2012)
Analysis of the relationship between distance and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of precipitation yields a Pearson correlation coefficient R of -0.058, which is significant at the 90% confidence level, indicating that the annual precipitation has a certain negative spatial correlation
The spatial correlation analysis between Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of the precipitation at each station and the interstation distance showed that the R is the smallest at the annual scale, at -0.058, followed by the seasonal scale, with R values in spring, summer, autumn, and winter at −0.791, −0.713, −0.804, and −0.83, respectively, while the R is the largest at the monthly scale, at −0.924
Summary
The Pearl River is a major river in southern China that connects East China to West China and has the second largest discharge of any river in China, and its downstream area is one of the most economically developed regions in the country (Zhang et al, 2012). As the source of the Pearl River system (Dou and Qiyang, 2020), the Nanpan River Basin, the precipitation in the region, has been the subject of relatively few studies. Research on the spatial distribution and regionalization of precipitation is conducive to the development and utilization of water resources (Berndtsson and Niemczynowicz, 1988; Dinpashoh et al, 2004; Ilbay-Yupa et al, 2021). Different basins have different spatial distributions of precipitation (Fazel and Berndtsson, 2018). It is the source of the second-largest river in China, few scholars have studied the spatial distribution of precipitation and precipitation zoning in the Nanpan River Basin
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