Regional changes in cerebral GABA concentration and convulsions produced by D and by L-allylglycine.

Abstract

Abstract— The convulsant action of allylglycine (2‐amino‐4‐pentenoic acid) is due to the metabolic conversion of allylglycine to 2‐keto‐4‐pentenoic acid, a more potent glutamic acid decarboxylase inhibitor and more potent convulsant than the parent compound. We report regional changes in cerebral GABA concentration in rats after administration of d‐ and l‐allylglycine. d‐Allylglycine (3.75 mmol/kg) induced convulsions in 95–115 min, characterised by repeated clonic limb movements and rapid rotation around the head to tail axis. GABA concentrations were only reduced in cerebellum and ponsmedulla during the pre and post‐convulsive periods. The localised reduction of GABA concentration is consistent with the enzymic conversion of d‐allylglycine to 2‐keto‐4‐pentenoic acid catalysed by cerebral d‐amino acid oxidase, an enzyme known to be localised to the hind brain and spinal cord. l‐allylglycine (1.2mmol/kg i.p.) induced convulsions in 65 ‐90 min, characterised by violent running followed by tonic flexion and extension. During the pre‐convulsive period, GABA concentrations were reduced in all brain areas studied except the globus pallidus and ventral midbrain. The widespread decreases in GABA concentration suggest that the enzyme(s) which catalyse the conversion of l‐allylglycine to 2‐keto‐4‐pentenoic acid are widely distributed within the brain.