Abstract
The mechanical properties of tendons are thought to be affected by different loading levels. Changes in the mechanical properties of tendons, such as stiffness, have been reported to influence the risk of tendon injuries chiefly in athletes and the elderly, thereby affecting motor function execution. Unloading resulted in reduced tendons stiffness, and resistance exercise exercise counteracts this. Transforming growth factor-1 is a potent inducer of type I collagen and mechanosensitive genes encoding tenogenic differentiation markers expression which play critical roles in tendon tissue formation, tendon healing and their adaptation during exercise. In recent years, our understanding of the molecular biology of tendons growth and repair has expanded. It is probable that the next advance in the treatment of tendon injuries will result from the application of this basic science knowledge and the clinical solution will encompass not only the the best postoperative rehabilitation protocols, but also the optimal biological modulation of the healing process.
Highlights
The mechanical properties of tendons are thought to be affected by different loading levels
Unloading resulted in reduced tendons stiffness, and resistance exercise exercise counteracts this
Transforming growth factor-β1 is a potent inducer of type I collagen and mechanosensitive genes encoding tenogenic differentiation markers expression which play critical roles in tendon tissue formation, tendon healing and their adaptation during exercise
Summary
На механические свойства сухожилий влияют различные уровни нагрузки. Таких как жесткость, влияют на риск их травм, а следовательно, двигательные функции человека, особенно у спортсменов и пожилых людей. Трансформирующий фактор роста β1 является мощным индуктором экспрессии коллагена I типа и механочувствительных генов, кодирующих маркеры теногенной дифференцировки, которые играют критическую роль в формировании ткани сухожилий, заживления сухожилий и их адаптации во время упражнений. Прогресс в лечении травм сухожилий будет результатом применения этих фундаментальных научных знаний, и клиническое решение будет включать в себя не только лучшие протоколы послеоперационной реабилитации, но также оптимальную биологическую модуляцию процесса заживления. Ключевые слова: сухожилие; реабилитация; регенерация; физиотерапия; механотрансдукция; механотерапия; молекулярно-генетический механизм; маркеры теногенной дифференцировки.
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