Abstract
During the last two decades autologous platelet and leukocyte rich products (PRP; PRF), opened new perspectives in regenerative medicine. In particular regenerative dentistry played a pioneer role in the application of these products in bone regenerative cases. Many aspects of cytokines, such as, growth factor release, blood cell content and its characterization were reported, but some practical questions are still unanswered in the preparation of PRF membranes and sticky bones. A new folding technique was introduced that created a good quality, pliable, and strong F-PRF membrane with a dense fibrin network and more homogenous blood cell distribution. F-PRF produced a very promising sticky bone combined with human freeze-dried cortical bone matrix gelatin (BMG). There hasn’t been much focus on the quality and character of the applied bone and the optimal membrane/bone particle ratio has not been reported. A 0.125 g BMG/ml plasma (1 g/8 ml) seems like the ideal combination with maximal BMG adhesion capacity of the membrane. Particle distribution of BMG showed that 3/4 of the particles ranged between 300–1000 µ, the remnant 1/4 was smaller than 300 µ. The whole F-PRF membrane and its parts were compared with conventional A-PRF membrane concerning their resistance against proteolytic digestion. The F-PRF was superior to A-PRF, which dissolved within 4–5 days, while F-PRF was destroyed only after 11 days, so this provides a better chance for local bone morphogenesis. The F-PRF pieces had similar resistance to the whole intact one, so they can be ideal for surgical procedures without risk of fast disintegration.
Highlights
IntroductionA rapidly emerging number of articles have been published on autologous platelet rich blood products in tissue and bone regeneration, especially in regenerative dentistry
A rapidly emerging number of articles have been published on autologous platelet rich blood products in tissue and bone regeneration, especially in regenerative dentistry (Chaparro et al 2016; EDQM2019; Miron et al 2017; Theys et al 2018; Dawood et al 2018; Crisci et al 2019; Kemmochi et al 2018; Grecu et al 2019; Isobe et al 2017).The most challenging issues in oral implantology are alveolar ridge deficiencies and bone loss, whether it is the result of physiologic bone resorption, trauma, tooth extraction, or periodontal disease
The findings were similar in each case when bone matrix gelatin (BMG) was added: 0.5 g/8 ml (0.0625 g/ml): Particles were distributed homogenously in the membrane
Summary
A rapidly emerging number of articles have been published on autologous platelet rich blood products in tissue and bone regeneration, especially in regenerative dentistry The most challenging issues in oral implantology are alveolar ridge deficiencies and bone loss, whether it is the result of physiologic bone resorption, trauma, tooth extraction, or periodontal disease. In the absence of good quality and optimal quantity bone tissue, a stable implant cannot be achieved in the long term. In extreme cases of bone resorption, implantation is not possible (Borie et al 2015). Several techniques for platelet concentrates have been introduced in the surgical field for the acceleration of tissue regeneration. Two main groups of platelet rich products can be distinguished: 1) first generation platelet rich plasma (PRP) products with anticoagulants (Marx et al 1998) and 2) second generation platelet rich fibrin (PRF) products without anticoagulants (Choukroun et al 2006)
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