Abstract
The survival of forest communities is based on the seedling bank, since the greater the diversity, the greater the probability of heterospecific replacements. This work aimed to verify, through the species composition, if there is natural regeneration of the clearing with and without management and if it is possible that the clearing regeneration occurs without the management. The study site covered a clearing and a fragment of the Atlantic Forest Biome, in the municipality of São Sebastião/SP, north coast of the state of São Paulo. Ten subplots of 0.5 m x 1.0 m were installed randomly in 8 transects of 2.0 m x 50.0 m, with and without seedling management, where the set of seedlings with up to 20 cm was sampled. At the end of the study, 266 individuals were found, grouped into 38 families and 5 life forms (arboreal, shrub, herbaceous, epiphyte and liana), later classified into: 45 species (60.81%), 23 genera (31.08%) and 6 families (8.10%). Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae stood out as the most species-rich families, with 8 and 6 species, respectively. In the clearing, 22.2% of the sampled species were found, while 77.8% belonged to the forest. The difference between the number of species in the clearing and in the forest fragment suggests that the invasive species Melinis minutiflora and Scleria plusiophylla can hinder the establishment of seeds, preventing the germination of native species. Therefore, for the clearing regeneration process to occur faster, human intervention is necessary in the management of invasive species. Accordingly, the elaboration of a revegetation project withmonitoring and evaluation of the area of study was emphasized.
Highlights
The difference between the number of species in the clearing and in the forest fragment suggests that the invasive species Melinis minutiflora and Scleria plusiophylla can hinder the establishment of seeds, preventing the germination of native species
In the Atlantic Forest, a biome considered a world hotspot (MYERS et al, 2000; ALMEIDA, 2016), human occupation has an area of greater intensity, this biome has a high level of imminent extinction threats, but on the other hand it has a high rate of biological diversity and endemism
The occupation of coastal areas in the north of the state of São Paulo, such as the slope areas of Serra do Mar in the municipality of São Sebastião, results in an unbalanced process of urban expansion based on economic growth vectors such as agriculture and industrialization
Summary
In the Atlantic Forest, a biome considered a world hotspot (MYERS et al, 2000; ALMEIDA, 2016), human occupation has an area of greater intensity, this biome has a high level of imminent extinction threats, but on the other hand it has a high rate of biological diversity and endemism. According to studies by Gouveia Souza (1998), during the 1980s there was an increase in tourist exploitation of the coastal areas of the country, with consequent growth in real estate and civil construction, with summer houses on the slopes amidst native vegetation. In this context, the occupation of coastal areas in the north of the state of São Paulo, such as the slope areas of Serra do Mar in the municipality of São Sebastião, results in an unbalanced process of urban expansion based on economic growth vectors such as agriculture and industrialization. A balanced environment has mechanisms for its self-regeneration, such as: seed and seedling bank and seed rain (CALEGARI et al, 2011)
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