Abstract
Refractive error is a defect in the optical system of the eye which prevents light from being brought to a single point focus on the retina, thus reducing normal vision. This optical defect is the second most common cause of visual impairment globally as well in Nepal. At present, there are 285 million visually impaired people in the world. An estimated 4 out of 5 visual impairment (80%) can be prevented or cured, uncorrected refractive errors are the leading cause (42%) followed by cataract (33%). A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the proportion of undergraduate medical students with refractive errors in Nepal Medical College, and to identify factors associated with it. A total of 210 medical students volunteered for this study, with 100 males (47.6%) and 110 females (52.4%). The age of these students were between 18 to 26 years, with an average of 20.5 years. The proportion of medical students with refractive error was slightly more than half (51.4%), with simple myopia being the leading type (42.9%), followed by astigmatism (7.1%) and simple hypermetropia (1.4%). Parental history of refractive error was observed to be significantly associated with that of the medical students. There was also a significant association between refractive error and the daily use of mobile phones and laptops. However, years spent in medical education were not observed to be significant.
Highlights
Refractive error is a defect in the optical system of the eye which prevents light from being brought to a single point focus on the retina, reducing normal vision.[1]
The proportion of medical students with refractive error was slightly more than half (51.4%), with simple myopia being the leading type (42.9%), followed by astigmatism (7.1%) and simple hypermetropia (1.4%)
Studies on refractive errors among medical students have been conducted in different parts of the globe
Summary
Refractive error is a defect in the optical system of the eye which prevents light from being brought to a single point focus on the retina, reducing normal vision.[1] Refractive errors are the second most common cause of visual impairment globally as well in Nepal.[2,3]. There are 285 million visually impaired people in the world. Refractive errors are becoming more of a problem in many societies, with prevalence rates of myopia in many Asian countries reaching epidemic proportions.[3] Though correctable, using spectacles and contact lenses, refractive errors present a reasonably large economic burden. Poor vision in students has an adverse influence on their future life, as it affects productive performance in education, in long term affecting the economic burden of the country
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