Abstract
A large number of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the performance of kerosene combustion increases significantly if combustion is being assisted by the addition of hydrogen to the fuel/air mixture during the combustion process. It reduces the amount of CO, CO2 and NOx emissions, while increasing the flame stability limits. It also helps in bruning fuel/air mixtures at much leaner equivalence ratios. The same principle could be applied to gain benefits in gas turbine combustors. Hydrogen for this purpose could be produced by the reforming of hydrocarbon fuels using a reformer module. This paper presents key hydrogen reforming technologies which, by implementation in gas turbine combustors, hold potential for improving both their performance and service life.
Highlights
Gas turbine engines are widely used in the aerospace, marine and energy industries due to their performance, and their reliable and robust design
The purpose of this paper is to present a review of key technologies in the area of hydrogen reforming, with an emphasis on those which could be implemented in the future in aircraft gas turbine engines, as well as an identification of the gaps present in the current knowledge and understanding of the principles behind these technologies
The exhaust gases produced by aircraft gas turbine engines, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and NOx, have been shown to have extremely detrimental effects on the environment, as well as on human health
Summary
Gas turbine engines are widely used in the aerospace, marine and energy industries due to their performance, and their reliable and robust design. With environmental concerns becoming more prevalent, a significant amount of attention has been drawn to the emissions of gas turbine engine combustors, for those used on aircraft These emissions consist mostly of exhaust gases including carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), un-burnt hydrocarbons (UHCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and have been shown to have pernicious effects on human health and as well. Hydrogen assisted combustion involves the addition of hydrogen (or hydrogen rich gases) to the fuel–air mixture in the combustion chamber of gas turbine engines Introducing hydrogen in this manner to the gases in the combustor has been shown to reduce the amount of harmful emissions from the combustor and to improve the overall combustion performance of the engine [3]. Various studies, such as those by Juste [1] and Frenillot et al [2], have examined both quantitatively and qualitatively the improvement in combustor performance in terms of reductions in emissions
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